TN Football·The Affluence Test·SEI vs ELO

Does Money Buy Football?

The same test we ran on soccer — a program's strength against its neighborhood's socioeconomic index — run on the sport that runs Tennessee. The grip of money is real, but far looser.

Across 278 qualified TN football programs, peak ELO rises only about 15 points per 10-point gain in SEI (r = 0.24). Soccer's line is steeper (r = 0.37). Money tilts the field in football, but a school's budget is a much weaker bet on Friday nights than it is on the pitch.

The Geographic Picture
Counties shaded by average SEI · each dot a program (click for SEI + ELO) · scroll to zoom
Division I (public) Division II (private)county fill = avg SEI (coral→gold→green)
How We Measured It

Each school carries a socioeconomic index from 0 to 100, built from the income, poverty, home-value, and education profile of its ZIP code — the same SEI used everywhere on this site. Football strength is peak TSSE ELO (strength-of-schedule aware), every game 2005–2025-26; programs with fewer than 25 games are dropped, leaving 278.

SEI Score vs. ELO Rating
Each dot a program · gold dashed line = best fit

There is a slope, but look at the spread. SEI explains about 6% of the variation in football ELO — the other ~94% is coaching, culture, talent, and everything money can't buy. For soccer that figure is roughly 13%.

ELO by Neighborhood Income
Median program ELO across five SEI bands (poorest to wealthiest)
SEI 2–26 n=55 · win 45.3%1746 median ELO
SEI 27–44 n=55 · win 48.6%1778 median ELO
SEI 44–57 n=55 · win 46.7%1783 median ELO
SEI 58–78 n=55 · win 49.6%1844 median ELO
SEI 78–100 n=58 · win 53.6%1884 median ELO
The Exception Is the Rule

The programs in the poorest quarter of the state that field top-tier football anyway — the clearest break from the money-buys-wins assumption. Whitehaven and the Memphis pipeline live here; Melrose, the biggest NFL producer in state history, sits at an SEI under 7.

SchoolSEIPeak ELO
Elizabethton Fighting Cyclones312055
Whitehaven Tigers182049
Peabody Golden Tide312038
Huntingdon Mustangs312016
What the ZIP Code Doesn't Tell Us

Stack the sports: soccer ELO tracks SEI at r = 0.37, football at r = 0.24. Soccer success is roughly 2.3× more explained by affluence. And where Tennessee's NFL players actually come from has no meaningful link to school wealth at all. The sport Tennessee built its whole divided, recruiting-policed structure around is the one where money matters least — which is exactly why what that structure does to soccer is the question worth chasing next.

Companion

The soccer version →

The same test on soccer, where affluence has a much firmer grip.

Context

Football Runs Tennessee

The dynasties, the public/private split, and Brentwood Academy v. TSSAA.

Sources & Notes
  1. Football peak ELO vs SEI, OLS over 278 programs (≥25 games). SEI from the project affluence panel (ACS ZIP profile). County fill = average SEI per county.
  2. Coordinates from the canonical football registry (same placement used across every report). Ratings via the TSSE engine, MaxPreps 2005–2025-26.